Which offensive operation follows a successful attack to disorganize the enemy in depth?

The correct answer is exploitation because this type of operation is designed to capitalize on the advantages gained from a successful attack. After an initial offensive operation disrupts and disorganizes the enemy's forces, exploitation enables friendly forces to pursue and expand their gains, taking advantage of any weaknesses that have been created in the enemy’s defensive posture. It focuses on moving rapidly to exploit the openings in the enemy line and maintain the momentum of the attack, potentially leading to a deeper incursion into enemy territory.

In contrast to this, other options focus on different aspects of offensive operations or tactical approaches. For instance, deep fires involve targeting the enemy's rear to disrupt their supply and command structure, while a simple attack refers to the initial assault that may not necessarily follow up on disorganization of the enemy. Disruption is an element of offensive operations, but it does not specify the follow-on action to fully exploit the initial successes achieved after the attack.